求定语从句关于联系词的相关知识

求定语从句关于联系词的相关知识
求定语从句关于联系词的相关知识

求定语从句关于联系词的相关知识
定 语 从 句
一、 定语从句简介：
作用
定语从句在复合句中起定语的作用
位置
定语从句所修饰的词称为先行词,定语从句必须放在先行词之后
关联词
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who,whom,whose,which 和that,以及关系副词when,where,why等,在从句中充当成分.
种类
定语从句分为：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句两种
二、 定语从句关联词的用法
1． 关系代词的用法
用法
例子
Who 指人,在定语从句中作主语；Whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,有时可省略；whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语.
Do you know the man who is talking with our teacher?
This is the doctor whom/who I saw yesterday.
The room whose windows face south is mine.
Which 指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）
The book which was on the desk just now was borrowed from Jim.
I’ve lost the pen which I like best.
That多指物,有时也指人,在从句中作主语或宾语,指物时用法与which基本相同.作宾语时可省略.
The person that telephoned me is a reporter.
The watch that I bought yesterday keeps good time.我昨天买的那块表走得很准.
先行词是不定代词everything,nothing,something,all,little,much 等时,用that,不用which.
I’ll tell you everything that I know.
Million-pound note was all that he had in the world.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,用that,不用which.
The first thing that you should do is to find a good reference book.
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
先行词被the only,the very,any,the last,the same,few,all,little,no just,one of等词修饰时.用that 不用which.
The only thing that worried me was we could not find the right person to do it.
唯一让我担心的是找不到合适的人来做这件事.
Whom,which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,介词可放在whom,which之前,也可以放在从句末,这时可省略关系代词.
I’m waiting for the woman with whom you talked just now.
The town (which) he lives in is far from here.
The town in which he lives is far from here.
他住的那个镇离这很远.
That 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,介词不能放在that 之前,只能放在从句末,这时that往往可省略.
The man (that) you talked about has come to our school.
你们谈起过的那个人到我们学校来了.
关系代词通常紧跟在先行词之后,但有时在先行词与关系代词间可插入其它成份.
There are many people in the room who are unfamiliar to me.
房间里有许多我不熟悉的人.
2.关系副词的用法：
用法
例子
When在定语从句中作时间状语,其先行词是表示“时间”的词.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the Party.
我永远忘不了入党的那天.
Where 在定语从句中作地点状语,其先行词是表示“地点”的词.
He visited the village where Shakespeare was born.
他参观了莎士比亚诞生的村庄.
Why在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词是reason( 原因).
The reason why he left the company is known to all.
大家都知道他为什么离开了公司.